PrEP could prove to be an important opportunity in the field of HIV prevention, yet there are many ethical and practical concerns that need to be addressed as the research moves forward.  Currently, there is limited dialogue around these issues and the impact that PrEP trial results will have in Canada and globally. It is important that Canadians develop an understanding of PrEP and related issues so that they are able to participate in a global dialogue and assess if or how PrEP could benefit Canadians. This fact sheet provides an overview of PrEP research and raises some of the concerns and unanswered questions that require discussion among a broad group of stakeholders.